Cosmetic Marketing Authorization in BPOM Makassar: A Consumer Protection Analysis from the Perspective of Islamic Economic Law
Keywords:
marketing authorization, cosmetics, BPOM, consumer protection, Islamic Economic LawAbstract
Cosmetic marketing authorization issued under Indonesia’s Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) functions as a state instrument to ensure product safety, quality, and legal certainty in the market. In Makassar City, the rapid growth of local/SME cosmetic production and digital commerce expands economic opportunities while also increasing the risk of illegal cosmetics and misleading claims, thereby strengthening the urgency of consumer protection and compliance governance. This study aims to: (1) describe the mechanism of cosmetic marketing authorization (administrative–technical stages) implemented through BPOM/BBPOM services in Makassar; and (2) analyze the mechanism from the perspective of Islamic Economic Law using the frameworks of maṣlaḥah (public benefit), harm prevention, and the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah), particularly ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life/health) and ḥifẓ al-māl (protection of wealth). A qualitative field approach was employed using interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the licensing mechanism includes business legality requirements, digital submission, document and facility verification, corrective actions for nonconformities, and recommendations for authorization issuance by the competent authority. Key challenges relate to SMEs’ regulatory literacy, facility readiness, and compliance in digital marketing practices. From an Islamic Economic Law perspective, marketing authorization operates to prevent tadlīs (misrepresentation) and reduce gharar (harmful uncertainty) in market transactions, while reinforcing ḥalāl–ṭayyib business ethics that increasingly intersect with the halal ecosystem and Muslim consumer behavior. Policy implications include strengthened compliance education, SME mentoring services, and enhanced oversight of digital channels to improve consumer safety and market trustReferences
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